EDR Stacks
Research and production company AMCL specializing in development and production of electromembrane modules and equipment for special purposes and of different productivity capacity, technological processes with application of electrodialysis method, production and delivery of equipment to “turn-key” with subsequent guarantee and service maintenance.
Сompany AMCL offer new Electrodialysis Reversal Stacks and equipment on the base of innovative approach.
AMCL manufactures robust and efficient ion exchange membranes, which are used in electrodialysis (ED/EDR) and electrodeionization (EDI) processes. EDR is used for desalination of brackish waters and ED for demineralization of a wide variety of industrial process streams. EDI produces ultrapure water for the semiconductor and power industries. Ion exchange membranes are charge-selective, bipolar ion exchange membranes to adjust pH of process streams or to produce acid and caustic directly from a saline feed source.
AMCL’s ion exchange membranes are ion selective membranes comprised of cross-linked copolymers of vinyl monomers and containing quaternary ammonium anion exchange groups or sulfonic acid cation exchange groups. The membranes are homogeneous ion exchange films, cast in sheet form on a support structure. The prefix AR designates anion selective membranes and CR designates cation selective membranes. BP indicates a bipolar ion exchange membrane which contains both an anion-selective surface and a cation-selective surface and is used to adjust pH of process streams or to produce acid and caustic directly from a saline feed source.
Electrodialysis with reversal (EDR) is a very robust, high water desalination technology. It is used to remove TDS from brackish water to deliver desalted water for irrigation, drinking or ingredient water. Due to the EDR robustness, longer membrane life and tolerance to silica, chlorides and higher TSS it is an attractive alternative to reverse osmosis from wastewater treatment and reuse in food and beverage.
Modernization of Electrodialysis Reversal (EDR- AMCL) membrane stack type Mk-III and Mk-IV of GE/SUEZ/Veolia company.
We propose modernization of electrodialysis membrane stack type Mk-III and Mk-IV manufactured by company GE/SUEZ/VEOLIA.
AMCL’s solutions can be customized to provide high-purity water needs in any industry. Whether you require bulk water, stand-alone products or services, or a complete mobile water treatment system, AMCL stands ready to provide the solution for your ultrapure water needs. We have a history of experienced personnel, worldclass facilities, superior resin quality, and global leadership in producing the finest ultrapure water systems around the world.
- Scope of our supply
- Ion-exchange membranes (heterogenous type)
- Heavy (electrode) membranes
- Working spacers
- Electrode spacers (all types - bottom/top/heavy, etc.)
- Electrodes titanium coated by MMO or Pt
- Upgrade of electrode washing circuit
- Technical support, staff training, maintenance
- All items are result of our long-term experience with ED process supported by own research and development works
The AMCL EDR stack product is a proven and reliable desalination technology that has been in service in a variety of industrial and public infrastructure applications.
EDR features
- Titanium electrodes with platinum coating and carbon electrodes
- High Water Recovery, up to 95%
- Salt Removal of 50 to 95%
- Polarity Reversal self-cleaning with electricity
- Free chlorine tolerance
- Tolerance to moderate suspended solids
- Adjustable product water performance without blending
- Ability to disassemble stacks for inspection
- Silica tolerance
EDR benefits
- Efficient use of scarce water resources
- Low pretreatment requirements and costs
- Low chemical consumption costs
- Long membrane life, typically 10+ years
- Strong ability to recover from less than ideal feed water quality standard design and scope of supply
- Full Owners Operation & Maintenance Manual, Factory Acceptance Test results and Stack Performance Test results
Application
Designed for desalting and concentrating waters with high salt content and a high degree of pure water extraction (up to 93%). A robust high-recovery brackish water desalination technology that can treat a variety of challenging waters EDR meets the growing for higher recoveries of desalinated brackish water. EDR, with idemandts continuous self-cleaning operation, allows for higher recoveries than RO in desalination applications. EDR is used on a range of water types for the removal of charged contaminants such as nitrate, arsenic, radionuclides, fluoride, sulfate, and chloride.
For brackish water or wastewater with moderate concentrations of dissolved ions, EDR is an excellent option to achieving superior treated water quality. EDR systems are rugged, with very long membrane life and require significantly less pretreatment than spiral wound membranes while having the ability to achieve very high water recoveries.
Desalination of ground and surface brackish water for potable use TDS removal from tertiary-treated wastewater for irrigation or to meet discharge requirements Recovery of industrial wast.
Operating principle
Based on an electro-membrane separation process, in which ions move through ion-exchange membranes under the influence of an applied electric field, while periodic reversal of the electrodes occurs to reduce the formation of deposits on the membranes.
Composition
The reverse electrodialysis stack consists of anion-permeable and cation-permeable membranes, separated by a gasket and having separators, a total of 600 pairs of these elements in the stack. 1 stack (module) usually requires 700 cationic membranes and 700 anionic membranes + 1400 pcs. separators, assembly is carried out as follows: “one membrane A – one separator + one membrane C – one separator +, etc.”
Opening hours
24 hours a day, all year round.
Chemical washing and treatment of membranes
When operating electrodialysis equipment, the following reagents are used to eliminate biofouling and salt deposits on membranes and electrodes of EDR stacks:
- non-oxidizing biocide (chlorine-free);
- anti-scalant (chlorine-free);
Chemical washing of EDR membranes is carried out using solutions:
- technical caustic soda (grade A) (not less than 44%);
- synthetic technical hydrochloric acid (31.5%) or nitric acid (55-57%).
Transportation requirements
The temperature during transportation must be maintained in the range of 5 - 35°C, the shipping container/packaging must be equipped with a temperature sensor to record the temperature of transportation, acceptance of stacks is carried out taking into account the data of recording the temperature of transportation.
Packaging requirements: In the original factory packaging in an intact vacuum bag, the stacks must be in a vapor-tight seal filled with a solution for transportation.
Preservation requirements: Membranes must be impregnated with a preservative solution (NaCl salt solution 3-5%) and hermetically sealed to prevent spillage of the preservative and drying out of the membranes.
Advantages and achievements of our solution
- Eliminated internal leakages between whey and brine chambers -> reduced loss of valuable product;
- Eliminated external leakages -> reduced product loss, dry stack surface;
- Eliminated problem of «melting and burning». Significantly decreased amount of deposits on the membrane surface as well as inside of spacers, no "short circuit" between membranes which are under high voltage;
- Pro-longed period of operation without stack shut-down, disassembling and mechanical cleaning;
- Improved mineral composition. Lower content of magnesium, calcium and phosphorus in the product due to better performance of heterogenous membranes.
- Nitric acid instead of hydrochloric acid for CIP is allowed due to chemical tolerance of membranes.
- Spacers do not need to be replaced every time because are more reliable and have better physical mechanical characteristics. Spacers are also repairable on the place of exploitation if needed.
- Better handling and maintenance. Based on the feedback provided by operators on site the our spacers are more simple and convenient to work with.
- Significantly less time needed for spare parts installation. Assembly of one stack with GE spacers need up to 8 hours, with our spacers not more than 1-1.5 hour.
- Reduced amount of required consumables at reasonable prices bring significant savings in OPEX.
Ion-exchange membranes for GE Mk-III
Ion-exchange membranes are different with traditional heterogeneous membrane, are specific developed on the basis of IPN cross-linked structure, creatively adopt block polymer to enhance the compatibility of each components, which enables the membrane with much dense ion transfer channels.
Main features ion-exchange membranes: high permselectivity, high chemical tolerance, extremely good mechanical durability, low energy consumption, long life time, reasonable price.
Our E-Cell Standard Systems with MK-3 stacks are designed for reliable, long term trouble free operation, with straight forward control.
Key advantages of EDI-AMCL:
- MK-3 E-Cell stacks allow for a simplified system design, removing the need for concentrate re- circulation as well as brine injection.
- MK-3 E-Cell stack’s low energy design reduces electrical requirements and operating costs.
- Concentrate flow is in the opposite direction to the dilute flow, thus allowing systems to operate at higher hardness concentrations for longer periods of time.
Ion-exchange membranes for GE Mk- IV
AM&CM ion-exchange membranes are different from other types traditional heterogeneous membranes on the base of specific developed IPN cross-linked structure, creatively adopt block polymer to enhance the compatibility of each components, which enables the membranes have much dense ion transfer channels. AM&CM ion exchange membranes give the possibility to reach higher concentration ratio at highly concentrated solutions in desalination and concentration, and high efficiency recovery ratio in special chemical processes.
Product Specification AM-A
Anion exchange membrane
| Ion-exchange group | R-(CH3)3N+ | Quaternary ammonium |
| Ionic form | Cl- | Chloride |
| Thickness of dry membrane | mm | 0.4+0.02 |
| Exchange capacity | mol/kg | >2.0 |
| Water content | % | <35 |
| Burst strength | Mpa | >0.6 |
| Water permeating time | min | >100 |
| Diffusion coefficient | *10-3mmol NaCl/ (cm2•hmol/l) | <5.0 |
| Permselectivity | 0.1/0.2 M KCl | >95 |
| Surface electric resistance | 0.1 M NaCl | 5-8 |
| pH range | 1-14 | |
| Temperature | oC | 5-60 |
*Note: Time of water permeation is measured under 0.2 Mpa pressure.
0.09 ml water permeates through the circle of membrane with 3.6 cm diameter.
| Basic specification of the composition | ||
| Ion-exchange resin | -
strongly-basic anionite |
64-67% |
| Basic binder on base | polypropylene PР | 33-36% |
| Reinforcing mesh | polyamide | <1% |
Product Specification AM-C
| Cation exchange membrane | ||
| Ion-exchange group | R-SO3- | Sulphon |
| Ionic form | Na+ | Sodium |
| Thickness of dry membrane | mm | 0.35+0.02 |
| Exchange capacity | mol/kg | >2.2 |
| Water content | % | <40 |
| Burst strength | Mpa | >0.6 |
| Water permeating time | min | >50 |
| Diffusion coefficient | *10-3mmol NaCl/ (cm2•hmol/l) | <6.0 |
| Permselectivity | 0.1/0.2 M KCl | >95 |
| Surface electric resistance | 0.1 M NaCl | 4-7 |
| pH range | 1-14 | |
| Temperature | oC | 5-60 |
*Note: Time of water permeation is measured under 0.2 Mpa pressure.
0.09 ml water permeates through the circle of membrane with 3.6 cm diameter.
| Basic specification of the composition | ||
| Ion-exchange resin | -
strong-acid cationite |
68-70% |
| Basic binder on base | polypropylene PР | 30-32% |
| Reinforcing mesh | polyamide | <1% |
Characteristics
- Lower resistance: compared with traditional heterogeneous membrane, its resistance is reduced by 30%-50%, which reduce the energy consumption.
- High selective permeability brings high current efficiency.
- NaCl solution can be economically concentrated to 15% or above, while Na2SO4 is 18%.
- Cost-effective & extremely competitive.
Application field
- It’s very cost-effective and used in various industries for desalination and ions concentration, especiallyused in highly polluting wastewater treatment which needs frequency replacement.
- Desalination: Food, medicine, chemical, biological fermentation industries, etc.
- ZLD: chemical, papermaking, coal industry, printing and dyeing, hydrometallurgy, steel, coal-fired power stations, petroleum refining, landfill leachate, etc.
